Prepared for distribution
to members National Alfalfa
Improvement Conference
(DKB 03--06--78)
REPORT OF MEETING OF
NATIONAL CERTIFIED ALFALFA VARIETY REVIEW BOARD (NCAVRB)
DECEMBER 13, 1977
Members of the Review board met and were of the opinion that the varieties listed below were distinctive and merited certification.
Experimental
Variety Designation
Name During Testing Breeder Application
Phytor K3-15 Same as applicant Northrup King & Co.
1500 Jackson St. N.E.
Minneapolis, MN 55413
Riley KS43 E.L. Sorenson, D.L. Kansas Agric. Expt. Stn. And SEA,
Stuteville and E. USDA, Agronomy Dept., Kansas Horber State University, Manhattan KS
66506
WL 220 74T1 and Exp Same as applicant Waterman-Loomis Co.
220 2000 Century Plaza, Suite 110
Columbia, MD 21044
524 LF-1 and 71F-1 Same as applicant Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., Dept. of Alfalfa Breeding
Johnston, IA 50131
531 MB-2 Same as applicant Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
Inc., Dept. of Alfalfa Breeding
Johnston, IA 50131
545 PF-1 and 540 Same as applicant Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
Inc., Dept. of Alfalfa Breeding
Johnston, IA 50131
581 74X-1 and OX Same as applicant Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
Inc., 5151 North Palm, Fresno,
CA 93704
A brief description of each variety was prepared in a 6--paragraph format. The information to be included in each paragraph Is listed below.
1. A statement of the origin and the breeding procedures used in developing the variety.
2. Area of probable adaptation and primary purpose (hay, grazing, etc.) for which this variety will be used. Report States and areas within States where the variety has been tested, and proposed areas of recommendation and merchandising.
3. Information of value to field inspectors (such as uniformity, leaf, flower characteristics, etc.), physiological characteristics, obvious disease and insect reactions, and other identifying characteristics.
Note: Beginning in 1976 the NCAVRB asked that this paragraph include a statement as to level of resistance for each of six pests where standard evaluation procedures are available. These pests include: anthracnose, bacterial wilt, Phytophthora root rot, pea aphid, spotted alfalfa aphid, and stem nematode. Because of the heterogeneous nature of alfalfa varieties it was determined that it would be most accurate to describe varieties as having high resistance, resistance, moderate resistance, low resistance or susceptibility to a pest; rather than calling the variety resistant. The term tolerance is to be used only for those situations where the resistance mechanism is concerned with the plants ability to repair, recover or to withstand infestation. Tolerance is not synonymous with low resistance.
4. Procedure for maintaining stock seed, seed classes to be used, a statement as to the limitations of generations that may be certified and other requirements or limitations necessary to maintain varietal characteristics.
5. If this variety is accepted by official certifying agencies, when will certified seed first be offered for sale?
6. Will application be made for protection under certifications of the Plant Variety Protection Act?
PHYTOR
1. Phytor was developed through 2 cycles of selection for phytophthora resistance. The 113 parental plants represented about equal contributions from the varieties Vernal, Iroquois, and Thor.
2. The primary use of Phytor will be for hay and dehy use on phytophthora infested fields in the Central Midwest. It has been tested in Minnesota, Iowa, Indiana, North Dakota, Nebraska, Illinois, and Wisconsin.
3. Flower color are varying shades of purple with approximately 7% variegated and 1% yellow and white. Growth habit is upright and moderately uniform. Phytor has resistance to bacterial wilt, and phytophthora root rot. It is susceptible to anthracnose, the spotted alfalfa aphid and the pea aphid. Its reaction to stem nematode has not been determined.
4. Sufficient breeders seed was produced in Washington to last the
life of the variety. Breeders, foundation and certified classes of
seed will be produced on a three generation basis.
5. Certified seed will be available in 1978.
6. Application for Plant Variety Protection is not likely.
RILEY
1. Riley is an 8 clone synthetic whose parentage traces to Cherokee (5), Kanza (1), and polycross progenies of Buffalo (1) and Williamsburg (1). Source materials were subjected separately to phenotypic recurrent selection in the laboratory -- Cherokee and the polycross materials for resistance to the pea aphid, spotted alfalfa aphid and bacterial wilt; Kanza for resistance to the aphids and bacterial leaf spot. Selection for resistance to the potato leafhopper, summer black stem and anthracnose were made in the field. Parental clones were selected on the basis of clonal and 0.P. progeny tests.
2. The probable area of adaptation is similar to that of Buffalo, Cherokee, and Kanza. Tests have been conducted in Illinois, Minnesota, Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma. Riley is intended primarily as a hay crop.
3. Riley has a high level of resistance to anthracnose, bacterial wilt, pea aphid, and spotted alfalfa aphid biotypes present in Kansas. It has moderate resistance to summer black stem and downy mildew and tolerance to potato leafhopper yellowing. Riley is susceptible to Phytophthora root rot and stem nematode reaction is not known. Flower color is various shades of purple with a low frequency of cream and blue.
4. Seed increase shall be on a limited generation basis with one
generation each of breeder, foundation, and certified seed classes.
Breeder (syn 2) and foundation (syn 3) seed is produced in Kansas
under the auspices of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station.
Certified seed (syn 4) may be grown only from foundation seed.
5. Certified seed will be offered for sale after the 1978 harvest.
6. No decision has been made for plant variety protection.
WL 220
1. WL 220 is a synthetic nearly equal to Vernal in fall dormancy in the northern latitudes, but considerably less so in the central midwest. It is comprised of 214 survivors of screening tests for resistance to spotted alfalfa aphid, pea aphid, and phytophthora root rot. Parentage traces to WL 311, WL 318, WL 215, WL 219, and other advanced WL germplasm with multiple pest resistance.
2. WL 220 is a hay and haylage type cultivar to be merchandised in the northern region of adaptation. It is currently being tested in Ohio, Michigan, northern Illinois, southern Wisconsin, central Iowa, Minnesota, and Nebraska.
3. Flowers are approximately 75% purple, 20% variegated, 3% yellow, and 2% white. WL 220 possesses high resistance levels to bacterial wilt and pea aphid, moderate resistance to phytophthora root rot, anthracnose, and biotypes of the spotted alfalfa aphid found in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Reaction to stem nematode has not been determined.
4. Seed production shall be on a three generation basis: breeder, foundation and certified. Sufficient breeder seed was produced in Kern Co. Calif., and is maintained in environmentally controlled storage. Breeder seed, the composite harvest from 214 parent clones interpollinated under cage by honey bees, will be planted in the northern region of adaptation to produce foundation seed. Certified seed will be produced from either breeder or foundation seed. No other generation or class of seed will be recognized.
5. Marketed fall--1978.
6. Application for Plant Variety Protection is unlikely.
524
1. Nine clones were selected for green plant color under a heavy infestation of potato leafhoppers following spotted alfalfa aphid. The clones were previously evaluated for forage yield, seed production, and resistance to bacterial wilt and spotted alfalfa aphid. Parentage includes one clone from each of the following sources: AWPX, MSB--W4, PI 251205, ATRA 55, Saranac and Vernal; and two clones trace to Culver.
2. The proposed area of adaptation and usage are the same as for 520 and Vernal. Forage yield evaluation has been in New York, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, and Nebraska.
3. Flower color is comprised of approximately 70% purple, 27% variegated and 3% cream and yellow. Growth habit is semi--erect. 524 has moderate resistance to bacterial wilt, to biotypes of spotted alfalfa aphid found in the San Joaquin Valley of California, downy mildew and potato leafhopper yellowing. Resistance to anthracnose is low. Ratings for pea aphid, phytophthora root rot and stem nematode have not been determined.
4. Seed classes for 524 will be breeder, foundation and certified. Breeder seed is composed of bulk harvested seed produced in a cage or in field isolation of the nine parent clones. Foundation seed will be produced only from breeder seed in the Northern region of adaptation. Certified seed will be produced in fields established with breeder and/or foundation seed. No other class or generation will be recognized as 524.
5. Seed will be first offered for sale in the spring of 1978.
6. No application for Plant Variety Protection is contemplated.
531
1. Eight parental clones of 530 were selected for resistance to both anthracnose in the greenhouse and leptosphearulina leaf spot in the field to make up the parental clones of 531. The clones were also selected for resistance to spotted alfalfa aphid biotypes found in the lower San Joaquin Valley of California. Four of the clones were derived from Saranac and four from (Flemish and Vernal) and Flemish backcrosses.
2. The variety will be merchandised in those states where 530 and Saranac are being used for hay, haylage, and de--hy. Forage yield tests have been conducted in Virginia, Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, and Kansas.
3. The flower color of 531 is approximately 97% purple, 2% variegated and less than 1% white. Growth habit is nearly erect. 531 is moderately winter--hardy similar to that of Saranac, based on fall dormancy tests. Resistance to spotted alfalfa aphid, green pea aphid, bacterial wilt and anthracnose is moderate. 531 has not been evaluated for stem nematode, phytophthora root rot and leptosphearalina.
4. Seed classes for 531 will be breeder, foundation and certified. Parental clones and breeder seed are maintained by Pioneer Hi--Bred International, Inc. Breeder seed is composed of bulk harvested seed produced in a cage or field isolation of the eight parental clones. Foundation seed may be produced only from breeder seed in the Northern area of adaptation. Certified seed may be produced on fields established with breeder and/or foundation seed. No other classes or generations will be recognized as 531.
5. Seed will be first offered for sale in the spring of 1978.
6. No application for Plant Variety Protection is contemplated.
545
1. 545 is a sixteen clone synthetic whose parentage trace to Vernal (5), Culver (2), Narragansett (1) and Agate (8). All parent clones were selected for their resistance to spotted alfalfa aphid, bacterial wilt and phytophthora root rot. Seed and forage production were taken into account in making the final selection.
2. The area of adaptation and usage are the same as 520 and Vernal. Forage yield tests have been conducted in Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, and Kansas.
3. The flower color of 545 is approximately 84% purple, 15% variegated and less than 1% cream and yellow. Growth habit is semi--erect. 545 is a winter--hardy variety based on fall dormancy tests. 545 has moderate resistance to phytophthora root rot, a high level of resistance to bacterial wilt, and a low level of resistance to anthracnose. It has moderate resistance to biotypes of the spotted alfalfa aphid found in the lower San Joaquin Valley. Pea aphid and stem nematode ratings have not been established.
4. Seed classes for 545 will be breeder, foundation and certified. Breeder seed is composed of bulk harvested seed produced in a cage or a field isolation of sixteen parental clones. Foundation seed may be produced only from breeder seed in the Northern region of adaptation. Certified seed may be produced on fields established from breeder and/or foundation seed. No other class or generation will be recognized as 545.
5. Seed will be first offered for sale in the spring of 1978.
6. No application for Plant Variety Protection is contemplated.
581
1. 581 is a synthetic of 10 clones. Four clones trace to Lahontan type germplasm, 2 to Washoe, 3 to Caliverde 65, and 1 to N78 Brand. The clones were selected during a period of years from 1962 to 1971 based on agronomic characteristics and resistance to different insects and diseases. The clones were tested extensively before synthesis of the variety.
2. 581 has been tested for forage yielding ability in the San Joaquin and Sacramento Valleys of California and at Lowden, Washington. It is expected to be adapted where other semi--dormant, and slightly less dormant, alfalfas are grown. Primary purpose is for hay with additional usage for haylage, green chop, grazing, and de--hy.
3. Flower color is purple. It is semi--dormant. It has high resistance to biotypes of the spotted alfalfa aphid found in the lower San Joaquin Valley and Las Cruces, New Mexico areas; moderate resistance to phytophthora root rot, bacterial wilt and downy mildew. 581 has a low level of resistance to pea aphid. It is susceptible to anthracnose and its reaction to stem nematode is unknown.
4. Seed classes of 581 will be breeder, foundation, and certified. Breeder seed is the bulk harvested polycross seed of the 10 parental clones produced under isolation. Certified seed may be produced on fields established with either breeder or foundation seed. No other class or generation is recognized as 581.
5. Certified seed will be available in the fall of 1978.
6. No application for Plant Variety Protection is being considered.